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Saturday, May 31, 2025

Tuesday, May 27, 2025

AI 2027

 
Follow-up on the heels of Karen Hao's new book Empire of AI.
 
Yeah, but then there's this current crap:
 
THE WARLORDS WHO SACKED ROME did not intend to doom western Europe to centuries of ignorance. It was not a foreseeable consequence of their actions. The same cannot be said of the sweeping attack on human knowledge and progress that the Trump administration is now undertaking—a deliberate destruction of education, science, and history, conducted with a fanaticism that recalls the Dark Ages that followed Rome’s fall.

Every week brings fresh examples. The administration is threatening colleges and universities with the loss of federal funding if they do not submit to its demands, or even if they do. The engines of American scientific inquiry and ingenuity, such as the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health, are under sustained attack. Historical institutions such as the Smithsonian and artistic ones like the Kennedy Center are being converted into homes for MAGA ideology rather than historical fact and free expression. Libraries are losing funding, government-employed scientists are being dismissed from their jobs, educators are being cowed into silence, and researchers are being warned not to broach forbidden subjects. Entire databases of public-health information collected over decades are at risk of vanishing. Any facts that contradict the gospel of Trumpism are treated as heretical…
Adam Serwer in The Atlantic.
…The book burnings of the past had physical limitations; after all, only the books themselves could be destroyed. The Trumpist attack on knowledge, by contrast, threatens not just accumulated knowledge, but also the ability to collect such knowledge in the future. Any pursuit of forbidden ideas, after all, might foster political opposition. Better for Americans to be as gullible and easily manipulated as the people who buy brain pills from right-wing podcasts, use ivermectin to treat COVID, or believe that vaccines are “weapons of mass destruction.” This purge will dramatically impair the ability to solve problems, prevent disease, design policy, inform the public, and make technological advancements. Like the catastrophic loss of knowledge in Western Europe that followed the fall of Rome, it is a self-inflicted calamity. All that matters to Trumpists is that they can reign unchallenged over the ruins.
Frank Bruni
...To live in fiction, commit to it. That’s the moral not merely of Trump and Jan. 6 but of Trump, period. Yesteryear’s hand-wringing about whether to label his individual falsehoods “lies” and those periodic tallies of his misstatements now seem quaint; they don’t do justice to the scope and audacity of what he’s up to. Nor does the occasional current chatter about “propaganda.” Trump is engaged in a multifront, multipronged attack on any and every version of events that impedes his goals and impugns his glory. It makes the spin control of presidents past look like child’s play.

Politicians routinely don masks, twist facts and peddle fables — President Joe Biden’s pretense of undiminished vigor and acuity is a recent and egregious example of that. But Trump’s machinations and manipulations go beyond discrete feints and specific ruses. They’re in an unscrupulous league of their own...
 
...If history is written by the victors, the present is fabricated by those who throw themselves most ruthlessly and shamelessly into the storytelling. Trump and his principal abettors are just about peerless in that regard. Rather than own up to the administration’s error in consigning Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia to a gulag in El Salvador, Trump falsely and stubbornly insists that Abrego Garcia has the name of the gang MS-13 tattooed on his hand. He showcases accusations of domestic violence in Abrego Garcia’s past. He and his aides rework the details so that Trump is without blame or blemish.

Just as they’ve done with Jan. 6. That day is a searing indictment of Trump — so he inverts it. Babbitt is reborn as an innocent. The hellions around her are a heavenly choir. That song they’re now singing? It’s an elegy for honesty.

QUICK TANGENTIAL DIVERSION

This elite higher ed dustup is insane.
 
NEW
 
Click

 A review of Adam Becker's new book on AI
Technologists currently wield a level of political influence that was recently considered unthinkable. While Elon Musk’s Department of Government Efficiency slashes public services, Jeff Bezos takes celebrities to space on Blue Origin and the CEOs of AI companies speak openly of radically transforming society. As a result, there has never been a better moment to understand the ideas that animate these leaders’ particular vision of the future.

In his new book, More Everything Forever, the science journalist Adam Becker offers a deep dive into the worldview of techno-utopians such as Musk—one that’s underpinned by promises of AI dominance, space colonization, boundless economic growth, and eventually, immortality. Becker’s premise is bracing: Tech oligarchs’ wildest visions of tomorrow amount to a modern secular theology that is both mesmerizing and, in his view, deeply misguided. The author’s central concern is that these grand ambitions are not benign eccentricities, but ideologies with real-world consequences…
I totally love the dated USB cable in the art.
 
Nice review in the aggregate. Perhaps episodically out over his skis just a smidge. Nonetheless, quite worthy.
 
Check this out:
Astrophysicist and science journalist Adam Becker has his eye on the dreams of Silicon Valley’s billionaire elite—and he’s unimpressed. He says Silicon Valley’s “heartless, baseless, and foolish obsessions”—with escaping death, building AI tyrants, and creating limitless growth—pervert public discourse and distract us from real social problems.

He argues that tech billionaires have decided that they should determine our futures for us, and that the only good future for humanity is one powered by technology: trillions of humans living in space, functionally immortal, served by superintelligent AIs.

In More Everything Forever, Becker investigates what he calls wildly implausible and often profoundly immoral visions of tomorrow—and shows why, in reality, there is no good evidence that they will, or should, come to pass. Nevertheless, these obsessions fuel fears that overwhelm reason—for example, that a rogue AI will exterminate humanity—at the expense of essential work on solving crucial problems like climate change. What’s more, these futuristic visions cloak a hunger for power under dreams of space colonies and digital immortality. The giants of Silicon Valley claim that their ideas are based on science, but Becker says the reality is darker: they come from a jumbled mix of shallow futurism and racist pseudoscience.

Adam Becker says that powerful and sinister ideas are alive in Silicon Valley. Now he comes to the heart of the global tech world to challenge us to see how these visions of the future are foolish and dangerous.

'eh?
 
More shortly...

Monday, May 26, 2025

The Oaf of Office,

Memorial Day 2025
     

Tuesday, May 20, 2025

OpenAI & Sam Altman on the front burner

In the prickly Empire of AI: Dreams and Nightmares in Sam Altman’s OpenAI (Penguin Press), Karen Hao tracks the fallout from the GPT breakthroughs across OpenAI’s rivals—Google, Meta, Anthropic, Baidu—and argues that each company, in its own way, mirrored Altman’s choices. The OpenAI model of scale at all costs became the industry’s default. Hao’s book is at once admirably detailed and one long pointed finger. “It was specifically OpenAI, with its billionaire origins, unique ideological bent, and Altman’s singular drive, network, and fundraising talent, that created a ripe combination for its particular vision to emerge and take over,” she writes. “Everything OpenAI did was the opposite of inevitable; the explosive global costs of its massive deep learning models, and the perilous race it sparked across the industry to scale such models to planetary limits, could only have ever arisen from the one place it actually did.” We have been, in other words, seduced—lulled by the spooky, high-minded rhetoric of existential risk. The story of A.I.’s evolution over the past decade, in Hao’s telling, is not really about the date of machine takeover or the degree of human control over the technology—the terms of the A.G.I. debate. Instead, it’s a corporate story about how we ended up with the version of A.I. we’ve got.

The “original sin” of this arm of technology, Hao writes, lay in a decision by a Dartmouth mathematician named John McCarthy, in 1955, to coin the phrase “artificial intelligence” in the first place. “The term lends itself to casual anthropomorphizing and breathless exaggerations about the technology’s capabilities,” she observes. As evidence, she points to Frank Rosenblatt, a Cornell professor who, in the late fifties, devised a system that could distinguish between cards with a small square on the right versus the left. Rosenblatt promoted it as brain-like—on its way to sentience and self-replication—and these claims were picked up and broadcast by the New York Times. But a broader cultural hesitancy about the technology’s implications meant that, once OpenAI made its breakthrough, Altman—its C.E.O.—came to be seen not only as a fiduciary steward but also as an ethical one. The background question that began to bubble up around the Valley, Keach Hagey writes in “The Optimist: Sam Altman, OpenAI, and the Race to Invent the Future” (Norton), “first whispered, then murmured, then popping up in elaborate online essays from the company’s defectors: Can we trust this person to lead us to AGI?”
 
"Prickly?"
 
Karen Hao's book is now out.
 
 

I've begun my study. apropos, see some prior posta:
ERRATUM
 
A decades-long friend of mine is now a Microsoft software engineer working on the Azure AI platform. A quick msg yesterday:
 
 
MAY 21ST UPDATE
 
 
 
MORE...
Click
…OpenAI is angling to replace every major tech firm: ChatGPT is an internet search tool as powerful as Google, can help you shop online and remove the need to type into Amazon, can be your work software instead of the Microsoft Office suite. OpenAI is even reportedly building a social-media platform. For now, OpenAI relies on the smartphones and web browsers people use to access ChatGPT—products that are all made by business rivals. Altman is trying to cut out the middleman and condense digital life into a single, unified piece of hardware and software. The promise is this: Your whole life could be lived through such a device, turning OpenAI’s products into a repository of uses and personal data that could be impossible to leave—just as, if everyone in your family has an iPhone, Macbook, and iCloud storage plan, switching to Android is deeply unpleasant and challenging….

Almost 20 years ago, when Apple introduced the iPhone, Steve Jobs said in a now-famous speech that “every once in a while, a revolutionary product comes along that changes everything.” Seeming to be in pursuit of similar magic, today’s video announcing OpenAI’s foray into hardware began with Altman saying, “I think we have the opportunity here to kind of completely reimagine what it means to use a computer.” But Jobs had an actual product to share and sell. Altman, for now, is marketing his imagination.
A QUICK DIVERSION
 
Saw this on PBS Newshour.
 
 
OK, topically relevant, define "civility." Hmmm... "The Age of Grievance," anyone?
 
KAREN HAO UPDATE
 
Deeply into AI Empire. Switching back & forth between earlier and later chapters. A couple of cites:
 
 
Wonderful reading.
 
Relatedly, read "The Oppenheimer of our age," cited in Karen's book.
 
UPDATE
 
I finished Karen's book. Instructive Bulwark interview with the author here.
 
                      
Lots more to consider. For one thing, this has got me re-reading my Shannon Vallor.
 
 
Another woman who will kick your butt. 

UPDATE
Click
Last spring, Daniel Kokotajlo, an A.I.-safety researcher working at OpenAI, quit his job in protest. He’d become convinced that the company wasn’t prepared for the future of its own technology, and wanted to sound the alarm. After a mutual friend connected us, we spoke on the phone. I found Kokotajlo affable, informed, and anxious. Advances in “alignment,” he told me—the suite of techniques used to insure that A.I. acts in accordance with human commands and values—were lagging behind gains in intelligence. Researchers, he said, were hurtling toward the creation of powerful systems they couldn’t control.

Kokotajlo, who had transitioned from a graduate program in philosophy to a career in A.I., explained how he’d educated himself so that he could understand the field. While at OpenAI, part of his job had been to track progress in A.I. so that he could construct timelines predicting when various thresholds of intelligence might be crossed. At one point, after the technology advanced unexpectedly, he’d had to shift his timelines up by decades. In 2021, he’d written a scenario about A.I. titled “What 2026 Looks Like.” Much of what he’d predicted had come to pass before the titular year. He’d concluded that a point of no return, when A.I. might become better than people at almost all important tasks, and be trusted with great power and authority, could arrive in 2027 or sooner. He sounded scared…

Wednesday, May 14, 2025

ControlAI.com: prior post follow-up

UPDATE, NEW BOOK COMING OUT

From a brilliant longtime AI insider with intimate access to the world of Sam Altman's OpenAI from the beginning, an eye-opening account of arguably the most fateful tech arms race in history, reshaping the planet in real time, from the cockpit of the company that is driving the frenzy

When AI expert and investigative journalist Karen Hao first began covering OpenAI in 2019, she thought they were the good guys. Founded as a nonprofit with safety enshrined as its core mission, the organization was meant, its leader Sam Altman told us, to act as a check against more purely mercantile, and potentially dangerous, forces. What could go wrong?

Over time, Hao began to wrestle ever more deeply with that question. Increasingly, she realized that the core truth of this massively disruptive sector is that its vision of success requires an almost unprecedented amount of resources: the “compute” power of high-end chips and the processing capacity to create massive large language models, the sheer volume of data that needs to be amassed at scale, the humans “cleaning up” that data for sweatshop wages throughout the Global South, and a truly alarming spike in the usage of energy and water underlying it all. The truth is that we have entered a new and ominous age of empire: only a small handful of globally scaled companies can even enter the field of play. At the head of the pack with its ChatGPT breakthrough, how would OpenAI resist such temptations?

Spoiler alert: it didn’t. Armed with Microsoft’s billions, OpenAI is setting a breakneck pace, chased by a small group of the most valuable companies in human history—toward what end, not even they can define. All this time, Hao has maintained her deep sourcing within the company and the industry, and so she was in intimate contact with the story that shocked the entire tech industry—Altman’s sudden firing and triumphant return. The behind-the-scenes story of what happened, told here in full for the first time, is revelatory of who the people controlling this technology really are. But this isn’t just the story of a single company, however fascinating it is. The g forces pressing down on the people of OpenAI are deforming the judgment of everyone else too—as such forces do. Naked power finds the ideology to cloak itself; no one thinks they’re the bad guy. But in the meantime, as Hao shows through intrepid reporting on the ground around the world, the enormous wheels of extraction grind on. By drawing on the viewpoints of Silicon Valley engineers, Kenyan data laborers, and Chilean water activists, Hao presents the fullest picture of AI and its impact we’ve seen to date, alongside a trenchant analysis of where things are headed. An astonishing eyewitness view from both up in the command capsule of the new economy and down where the real suffering happens, Empire of AI pierces the veil of the industry defining our era.

Excerpted in The Atlantic.

Monday, May 12, 2025

"Artificial General Intelligence?" Human existential risks?

Click
Well, that was a pretty wild read.
How did we build large language models? How do they think, if they think? What will the world look like if we have billions of AIs that are as smart as humans, or even smarter?

In a series of in-depth interviews with leading AI researchers and company founders—including Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei, DeepMind cofounder Demis Hassabis, OpenAI cofounder Ilya Sutskever, MIRI cofounder Eliezer Yudkowsky, and Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg—Dwarkesh Patel provides the first comprehensive and contemporary portrait of the technology that is transforming our world.

Drawn from his interviews on the Dwarkesh Podcast, these curated excerpts range from the technical details of how LLMs work to the possibility of an AI takeover or explosive economic growth. Patel’s conversations cut through the noise to explore the topics most compelling to those at the forefront of the field: the power of scaling, the potential for misalignment, the sheer input required for AGI, and the economic and social ramifications of superintelligence.

The book is also a standalone introduction to the technology. It includes 170 definitions and 17 visualizations, explanations of technical points made by guests, classic essays on the theme from other writers, and unpublished interviews with Open Philanthropy research analyst Ajeya Cotra and Anthropic cofounder Jared Kaplan.

The Scaling Era
offers readers unprecedented insight into a transformative moment in the development of AI—and a vision of what comes next.

Patel, Dwarkesh. The Scaling Era: An Oral History of AI, 2019–2025 (p. 347). (Function). Kindle Edition.
 Loved it. Who are these cats? 

A fun read.
 
Relevant to these:
 

 
 
 
We shall see. Science Magaizne pre-pub review.
 
One I'd forgotten:

This was in my Kindle stash. I had started into it a while ago, and then forgotten it given my crush of recent readings..
 
 
A picture is beginning to emerge...
 
BACK TO DWARKESH & LEECH
  
 
UPDATE
 
"... Like with any technology – it can be used for good or bad, and the more powerful it is the greater the potential benefit or harm. AI is the nuclear weapon of the digital world. I think the biggest legitimate concern is that it will become a powerful tool in the hands of authoritarian governments. AI could become an overwhelming tool of surveillance and oppression. Not thinking about this early in the game may be a mistake from which there is no recovery."
 
RELATEDLY, A "PANDIGICON?"
 
Click
If you were tasked with building a panopticon, your design might look a lot like the information stores of the U.S. federal government—a collection of large, complex agencies, each making use of enormous volumes of data provided by or collected from citizens...
Yeah. Recall my "Total Information Awareness" riff.

_____
 
UPDATE
Silicon Valley Braces for Chaos
The center of the tech universe seems to believe that Trump’s tariff whiplash is nothing compared with what they see coming from AI.
"...In Silicon Valley, where the technological future is the center of today’s world, the president is easily reduced to memedom—not the most powerful man on the planet, but just some guy trolling everybody on the internet. The real power, the big sucking sound, is apparently in California. Trust the autopilot to stay the course. Where that takes us exactly, no one can say."
ARF…

ERRATUM: OK, IS THIS AI?
 
(Yeah, ya gotta click through to watch it on YouTube. "Age Restricted.")
 
 
Lordy, Mercy.

QUICK ERRATUM
 
Jus' fer grins, I typed "artificial intelligence" into the blog post search window at the top of this post. Stuff going back a decade.
 
CODA
 

Sunday, May 11, 2025

Thursday, May 8, 2025

The first American Pope


 Cardinal Robert Francis Prevost.

Everyone is thrilled today, it would seem. Gushing goodwill everywhere.
 
We'll see how he will address a number of highly contentious issues, e.g.,

Excellent book.
 
I've had my recurrent say on reproductive rights topics.
 
  

 
And, what about our theocrat-wannabee Fundamentalist Evangelical Christian Nationalist militants? Inextricably intermingled with the Heritage Project 2025 crowd.
 
I joke that I'm a "fully recovered Episcopalian, itinerant dilettante UU, small-"a" atheist (simply "without theology"), and secular Zen sympathizer." Progeny of Irish & English Catholics (paternal side) and German Protestants (maternal forebears). Simply  can't get past all the anthropomorphism, essentially.

Wednesday, May 7, 2025

Tuesday, May 6, 2025

Monday, May 5, 2025

Silicon Valley's Crusade to Control the Fate of Humanity

 
Finished this one. A great, timely,sobering read. I'll just leave you with this excerpt:
...The way Kurzweil and his fellow singularitarians talk about the technology to come makes it seem like they’re playing a video game like Civilization, where there is a technology tree laid out in front of them clearly, and humanity (or indeed any intelligent species) is just working its way through that preexisting tree. But technology isn’t on rails, barreling down a set course beyond anyone’s control. Moore’s law isn’t a law of nature; it was a decision. That decision was made by the executives running the computer industry, and holding to that decision required (and still requires) careful planning, along with enormous amounts of money, materials, and human attention. The laws of physics and other sciences set boundaries on the possible range of technology, but the actual technologies that humanity develops within those boundaries are determined by choices and social pressures. Yet Kurzweil, and others of his ilk, frequently discuss technology as if it’s an implacable, inhuman force with its own desires, running down a path that has absolutely nothing to do with the collective choices of humanity. This is present throughout Kurzweil’s claims about the Singularity: we will have nanotechnology, we will saturate the universe with our intelligence, rather than we may or we could choose to.

This rhetoric of inevitability serves several convenient purposes. For the people developing their ideas into technology, such rhetoric offers absolution for any unpleasant and unforeseen consequences of their inventions, because they were only uncovering the already extant course of technology, rather than steering it themselves. When there’s no room for human agency, there’s no room for moral responsibility either. And if the future of technology really is on rails, then much can be revealed simply by careful examination of the purportedly inevitable route—a route that leads straight to the vision of the Singularity. This offers the promise of not only accurately predicting the future (and the sense of control that comes with), but also (and more importantly) endless life in a future filled with the transcendence and control that characterize the ideology of technological salvation. With the end of nature and the advent of a universe that is simply one enormous, artificial computer—where we live in still-more-artificial worlds generated by those computers—the promise of control is total, especially for those who know how to control computers. This is a fantasy of a world where the single most important thing, the thing that literally determines all aspects of reality, is computer programming. All of humanity, running on a computer, until the end of time.

Let’s take a moment to consider what this would be like. Presumably, there would be a simulated world, something like the real world—that is to say, something like our own. Human minds would want at least a simulacrum of nature, and providing one to the uploaded minds running on the machine would be easy enough with all that memory and processing power. There would be none of the inhuman originality of nature, but there would be an attempt at re-creating it, to create a pleasant environment for the uploaded people to live in. All of this is fantasy, of course, but when asked to describe what life would be like for uploaded people after the Singularity, this is the kind of answer that Kurzweil and others give. They describe what sounds for all the world like a high-definition metaverse that you can’t actually leave, a permanent virtual reality that shares some of the basic features of our own real world, or a real world destroyed and reshaped to more closely resemble an immersive computer game. To the singularitarians, the largest and most crucial difference, the one they keep coming back to in their descriptions, is the end of death. Kurzweil’s work is just the latest entry in the annals of the oldest fantasy of humanity. Even if personal immortality were possible through technological means, ultimately cosmology would place limits on the duration of physical structures, but Kurzweil doesn’t accept those limits either. He called overcoming cosmological forces the “goal of the Singularity,” and this is indeed the point of the entire enterprise. The destruction of nature is secondary. The objective is to tame the universe, to make it into a padded playground. Paving over every paradise is just the side effect of building the universal parking lot, where nothing bad can ever happen again. Nobody would age, nobody would get sick, and—perhaps above all else—nobody’s dad would die.

“We collected everything my father had written—now, he died when I was 22, so he’s been dead for more than 50 years—and we fed that into a large language model,” Kurzweil said in 2024. “And then you could talk to him, you’d say something, you then go through everything he ever had written, and find the best answer that he actually wrote to that question. And it actually was a lot like talking to him. You could ask him what he liked about music—he was a musician. He actually liked Brahms the best. And it was very much like talking to him.” In a 2023 Rolling Stone profile—following up on the one fourteen years earlier—Kurzweil revealed some of the content of that conversation: “[Kurzweil] asked his ‘Dad Bot,’ as he puts it, what he loves most about music (‘The connection to human feelings’), his gardening (‘It’s the kind of work that never ends’), and his anxieties (‘Often nightmarish’). ‘What’s the meaning of life?’ he finally typed to his Dad Bot. ‘Love,’ his Dad Bot replied.” These responses look like the kind of thing one would expect from a generic version of ChatGPT, rather than a conversation between a professional musician and his adult son. But Kurzweil is sanguine that his “Dad Bot” will improve too. “I think as we get further on, we can actually do that more and more responsively, and more and more that really would match that person and actually emulate the way he would move and so on, [and his] tone of voice,” he says. “Computers are going to make things even better. I mean, just the kind of things you can do now with a large language model didn’t exist two years ago.”

Kurzweil’s attempt to resurrect his father feels poignantly deluded. It’s also a striking illustration of how Kurzweil’s confidence in the increasing power of technology—according to his strict schedule—is accompanied by his Panglossian insistence that more technology, especially computer technology, is always an improvement. He certainly thinks that technological dangers exist—nuclear weapons, for one, as well as certain applications of nanotechnology—but he thinks the solution is to build more technology that detects and counters those dangers. “Yes, there are dangers, but the computers will also be more intelligent to avoid kinds of dangers,” he says. And as for the superintelligent post-Singularity computers themselves, he’s confident that they’ll treat us well, whether or not we merge with them. “I would expect the intelligence that arises from the Singularity to have great respect for their biological heritage,” he writes.

This mirrors Kurzweil’s obvious respect and love for his late father. But not all children feel that way about their parents. Despite Kurzweil’s many questionable claims, this one—the idea that a superintelligent AGI will treat humans with respect—is easily the most contentious among his intellectual successors today. Eliezer Yudkowsky and his followers agree with Kurzweil that, surely, something is at hand. But rather than the Singularity, they fear a rougher beast is slouching toward us, with exponential speed.


Becker, Adam. More Everything Forever: AI Overlords, Space Empires, and Silicon Valley's Crusade to Control the Fate of Humanity (pp. 87-90). (Function). Kindle Edition. 
The Science Magazine review that alerted me to the book.
'Powerful, intelligent, rich people with poor ideas can be terribly dangerous indeed. That is why this is a serious issue rather than a “quirky tour of wacky ideas.” We must rightfully protest: Who has appointed these deranged individuals to be the stewards of mankind?'
Elon Musk, anyone?

Riveting book, this one. I've moved on to his prior book.
 
UPDATE
 
apropos of Elon. On deck.
 
Click
Nothin' to see here, folks.
 UPDATE2
 
More titles of topical interest.
 
Stay tuned,,,

Wednesday, April 30, 2025

Follow-up on "The First Buddy"


I finished Faiz's excellent, disturbing book on Elon Musk. Supremely curious in this time of hyper-aggressive Trumpian mass deportations is the following:
 
 
Below, the original WaPo lengthy reporting headline. I seriously doubt that they'd libel the wealthiest man on the planet.

 
Given that Elon and his DOGE bros have gained more than 3 months of pretty much unmonitored access to large swaths of federal data across a breadth of agencies, one would hardly be surprised to learn that his fake U.S. "student visa" details have by now conveniently hit "the bit bucket."
PALO ALTO, Calif. [WaPo, Updated October 27, 2024]— Long before he became one of Donald Trump’s biggest donors and campaign surrogates, South African-born Elon Musk worked illegally in the United States as he launched his entrepreneurial career after ditching a graduate studies program in California, according to former business associates, court records and company documents obtained by The Washington Post.

Musk in recent months has amplified the Republican presidential candidate’s claims that “open borders” and undocumented immigrants are destroying America, broadcasting those views to more than 200 million followers on the site formerly known as Twitter, which Musk bought in 2022 and later renamed X.

What Musk has not publicly disclosed is that he did not have the legal right to work while building the company that became Zip2, which sold for about $300 million in 1999. It was Musk’s steppingstone to Tesla and the other ventures that have made him the world’s wealthiest person — and arguably America’s most successful immigrant.

Musk and his brother, Kimbal, have often described their immigrant journey in romantic terms, as a time of personal austerity, undeterred ambition and a willingness to flout conventions. Musk arrived in Palo Alto in 1995 for a graduate degree program at Stanford University but never enrolled in courses, working instead on his start-up.

Leaving school left Musk without a legal basis to remain in the United States, according to legal experts... 
The Dystopian Duo of Donald "I-Now-Run-The-World" Trump and Elon "Alexander-the-Great-Reincarnate" Musk are nothing less than The WWE Bruise Brothers of democracy. Minimally.
 
They both regard themselves as Visionary Geniuses, irascibly tolerating the rest of us and our outdated, ineffective socioeconomic norms.
___
 
While I really like Hubris Maximus and recommend it without reservation (acutely timely), I confess to being a bit perplexed and disappointed by the author's failing to cite Kara Swisher.
 
to wit:
The world’s richest man and most famous living tech entrepreneur had to be fucking kidding. But Elon Musk was not joking when he emailed me on October 17, 2022, with the subject line: “You’re an asshole.”

Just a week earlier, Musk had been friendly toward me, as was typical. In fact, he’d asked me for my thoughts about Twitter, the beleaguered service he was forced to buy after pretending that an ironclad contract was not made of iron. And despite engaging in the business equivalent of a toddler tantrum after agreeing to overpay for the company without contingencies, Musk had won the prize. Well, to be more accurate, the booby prize. While hugely popular and addictive to politicians, the media, and promiscuous id-brains like Musk, Twitter had long been the little tech engine that couldn’t.

What was so weird about Musk labeling me “an asshole” was that—unlike many critics—I had taken a fair wait-and-see attitude about his purchase of Twitter. I had covered many deals that had some element of bullshit introduced in the midst of the battle, such as Microsoft’s failed attempt to buy Yahoo, and this seemed no different. Musk filed a lawsuit in Delaware’s Court of Chancery to challenge the deal he’d agreed to, but just before his deposition, he balked. In the end, Musk had to fork over $44 billion for Twitter and no amount of rage tweeting was going to change that.

So, it’s true: I welcomed Musk’s takeover. I’d covered Twitter since it debuted in 2006, and for most of its history it had been a woefully underperforming business. A lot of the blame for this falls on the bony shoulders of cofounder Jack Dorsey. At the time of Musk’s offer, Dorsey was a part-time CEO whose attention was divided by his work at the innovative payments company Square (later called Block). A genuine visionary, Dorsey had started to foist his personal habits on his employees, like opening a company meeting with a community meditation. He also decided that he was so smart he could run two companies at once. Narrator: He could not run two companies at once.

While heads nodded publicly about how amazing he was to pull it off, privately most people decried his tone-deaf arrogance to me. I agreed. Typically, one or both businesses suffered, and only tech CEOs of a certain type considered themselves so important as to be irreplaceable. But, as my grandmother correctly noted, the graveyards are full of once-busy people.

And whistling past the cemetery is where Twitter always seemed to be, barely making it as a business, with its stock mainly hovering around its IPO offering. Still, it had created a splash well beyond its small size. Despite a tiny $5 billion in annual revenue, Twitter’s influence was often compared to Meta’s, which pulled in $116 billion in 2022. Twitter dominated the zeitgeist, populated by a coterie of celebrities, politicians, and media heavyweights all vying to be the dunk master of the platform. That title, eventually, went hands down to @realDonaldTrump, who used Twitter as a megaphone to become the world’s biggest troll.

But the real story of Twitter was not in the noisy heat it generated, but in colder and harder math. The premise of Twitter was dead simple: A registered user logs in via the Internet or a mobile phone and answers the question “What are you doing?” in 140 characters or fewer. It was immediately clear when I signed on in 2007 that its lightweight design and newsy bent would soon make it the buzziest product in Silicon Valley. It was also the glitchiest. Its revenue, user growth, and most important of all, stock price all remained in the doldrums. The basic product remained stuck, too. Early Twitter looked an awful lot like current Twitter, where doubling the number of allowed characters counted as innovation. These drags combined with a persistent drama among its founders meant the company never realized its potential. Actually, it was a minor miracle that the bird stayed aloft. While Twitter had received acquisition interest over the years, negotiations always ended in tears once potential buyers realized the company was a hot mess from both a tech and product perspective...


Swisher, Kara. Burn Book: A Tech Love Story (Ch 13, pp. 215-217). (Function). Kindle Edition
I began citing Faiz's book on Elon a couple of posts ago.
 
Lots more shortly. Stay tuned.
 
MAYDAY UPDATE
 
Too much going on. Elon Musk-Donald Trump summary: They each regard themselves as Existential Visionary Genius Leaders exempt from any sort of frictional process norms that bind us lesser mortals (up to and inclusive of law).

Per Elon et al:

Recall "Effective Altruism," anyone?